| dc.description.abstract | The aim of research is to determine the circumstances of the
development of the «Doctors’ Case» in Chernivtsi at the beginning of 1953, to find out the facts and nature of the persecution
of Jewish doctors in Chernivtsi during the specifi ed period of history. Research methods. Comparative- historical, problem chronological and statistical methods of research have been applied. Scientifi c novelty. It is known that the «Doctors’ Case»
is a socio- political provocation by the Stalinist leadership of the USSR and Y. V. Stalin personally, which was initiated
by a corresponding report in the newspaper «Pravda» dated January 13, 1953 about Kremlin doctors who were allegedly
preparing the murder of the Soviet and party leaders of the USSR. During the falsifi cation of the «Doctors’ Case», anti- Semitic
propaganda spread widely in the country, because, as it turned out, there were many Jews among the doctors and medical
workers. «Doctors’ Case» was stopped immediately after the death of Y. V. Stalin, and its participants were rehabilitated. In
Chernivtsi, as a result of the «Doctors’ Case», the employees of the Chernivtsi Medical Institute suff ered the most: they were
fi red from their jobs in early 1953 or forced to resign at their own will. For example, on January 29, 1953, at the meeting of the
Academic Council of Chernivtsi Medical Institute, the head of the Department of Hospital Surgery, professor, a famous Jewish
Doctor O. Yu. Mannheim, was chosen as the target for disclosure of «anti- Soviet activities». Soon he was forced to resign from
his position and hide from the persecution of the state security authorities. On March 5, 1953, the Associate Professor of the
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology I. V. Krasnianskyi was dismissed. R. L. Buks, N. M. Shinkerman, B. I. Kratsfeld,
M. D. Pekarskyi, A. M. Pekhovych, Ya. D. Krychyn, L. V. Kriger, D. A. Gulman, O. B. Makarevych, S. E. Shmukler,
M. Yu. Rapoport, F. G. Tabak, R. L. Roth- Hokhshet, E. L. Shkolnik and other Jewish employees of Chernivtsi Medical Institute
resigned from their positions. In some medical institutions of the city, in particular, in Chernivtsi Sanitary Station, meetings
of the labor team were held, at which the participants «angrily condemned» the «non- Russian» «gang of murderers» in white
coats. Corresponding «protest actions» were also organized in pre-school institutions of the city, since Jewish teachers in
kindergartens were allegedly involved in the «criminal conspiracy» of Jewish doctors. Conclusions. The author analyzed
a number of unpublished documents, as a result of which the conclusion was formulated that in Chernivtsi the «Doctors’
Case» did not gain a special public response and support from the local authorities, and therefore, was not accompanied by
mass repressions against Jewish doctor. | uk_UA |
