The Theme of Pandemic in Cinema Discourse (on the Example of the film “The Seventh Seal “ by I. Bergman (1957)
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2021Автор
Tychinina, Alyona
Nikoriak, Natalia
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The Theme of Pandemic in Cinema Discourse
(on the Example of the film “The Seventh Seal “ by I. Bergman (1957)
The theme of pandemic in arts (pestilence, plague, viruses) has always been quite relevant. Almost each generation that faced the similar catastrophes left rather detailed descriptions of such catastrophes in
literary works. For instance: “The Iliad” (pestilence), “The Decameron”
by G. Boccaccio (plague), “The Canterbury Tales” by J. Chaucer (plague),
“A Journal of the Plague Year” by D. Defoe, “The Plague” by A. Camus,
“Pale Horse, Pale Rider” by K. A. Porter (Spanish flu) and numerous modern variations, like “I am the Doorway by S. King (virus), “The Eyes of
Darkness” by D. Koontz (virus), “Doomsday Book” by C. Willis (plague),
“Blindness” by J. Saramago (virus), “The History of Pride” by L. Zoja (epidemic), “Snow Crash” by N. Stephenson (virus), “The Year of the Flood”
by M. Atwood (epidemic), “Station Eleven” by J. Mandel (pandemic), etc.
It is essential that literature does not only actively responds to global social issues like pandemic, but quite frequently predicts them.
No wonder that cinema also lays particular emphasis on this theme,
turning at first to the prior literary texts (film adaptations: The “Decameron” by P. Pasolini (1971), “The Andromeda Strain” by R. Wise (1971),
“Death in Venice” by L. Visconti (1971), “The Plague” by L. Puenzo
(1992), “The Painted Veil” by J. Karen (2006)), and later releasing its own
creative versions: “Shivers” by D. Cronenberg (1975), “Epidemic” by L.
Trier (1987), “Twelve Monkeys” by T. Gilliam (1995), “28 Days Later” by
D. Boyle ” (2002), “Pontypool” by B. McDonald (2008), “Carriers” by D.
and A. Pastor (2009), “Contagion” by S. Soderbergh (2011).
Among numerous cinema versions on the theme, particular significance is attached to a religious-philosophical parable “The Seventh
Seal” by the Swedish director I. Bergman (1957). The scenario of this film
is based on I. Bergman’s one-act play “Painting on Wood” (1954-1955).
However, the literary constituent of the film under studies is not restricted to this play only. On the whole, it is important to point out a rich
intertextual nature of the film-parable. First of all, it is biblical intertext
that attracts peculiar attention – the “Book of Revelation” (Apocalypse
of John, Revelation to John or Revelation from Jesus Christ) and “The
Plague” by A. Camus. In addition, the author also focuses on the epos
of the Middle Ages, which is adequately reflected in the personosphere,
chronotope, and intermedial insertions. The issue of pandemic, viewed in
the film, describes its matrix in a very special way, gradually leading the
viewer to decoding the parable-allegoric element. Consequently, the film
is perceived as a kind of a “culturological encyclopedia” presenting difficult times in human history, whereby mankind faced the danger of either
bubonic plague, or inquisition, or mass hysteria