| dc.description.abstract | I. P. Vozny
WOODWORKING IN THE NORTHERN
BUKOVYNA DURING 12th —
EARLY 13th CENTURIES
The article deals with the development of woodworking
industry in the medieval settlements of Northern
Bukovyna which for a long time remained poor studied.
During the Middle Ages this territory was covered with
significant forest areas, in which there were 22 local
breeds of both industrial and rare trees. Accordingly,
the woodworking industry here, as well as throughout
the territory of Old Rus, had many branches. Being
well acquainted with the technical properties of wood
the local masters widely used this knowledge depending
on the physical and mechanical properties of the
breed. Constructing fortifications they used mainly
oak and beech, for residential and commercial buildings
they used pine and fir. Hardwood (maple, ash) was
spread in manufacturing of dishes, while spoons were
made from the yarrow, juniper. The remains of precise
or carved wooden dishes were discovered in the settlements
of Northern Bukovyna. Beech and oak were used
in the craft. Containers were made from lime to store
loose materials. Local carpenters were aware of various
ways of connecting individual wooden elements to each
other in a particular product or construction. When
erecting dwellings or household structures in corners,
the main method was to connect the locks, and when
connected horizontally, direct, overhead, spit joints
were widely used. At the archaeological sites of Northern
Bukovyna, as the open settlements were almost
not explored, considerable woodworking toolkit was
discovered. It is represented as forms and fragments of
blades, ax, bits, drill bits, knives, nail, etc. Their typology
has wide analogies among archeological materials
from other territories of the Old Rus state and is fully
integrated into the generally accepted typology. Thus,
materials that characterize the woodworking industry
of Northern Bukovyna completely allow trace the evolution
of the woodworking business, which developed
in terms of economic development of Old Rus. | uk_UA |
